A recent finding of a zero-day vulnerability, designated as CVE-2025-33053, has ignited concerns within the cybersecurity community owing to its capacity for remote code execution (RCE) in the WebDAV component of Windows. This vulnerability is particularly alarming as a result of its potential impact on enterprises; security researchers estimate that up to 80% of organizations could face exposure to this exploit. Cybersecurity analysts indicate that the threat is further magnified by the presence of Stealth Falcon, an advanced persistent threat (APT) group known for its sophisticated cyber espionage tactics targeting entities in the Middle East and Africa since at least 2012.
The exploitation method utilized by Stealth Falcon involved manipulating the working directory of a legitimate Windows tool to execute files hosted on a controlled WebDAV server. During this operation, the group deployed the Horus Agent, a custom malware implant linked to the Mythic Command and Control (C2) framework. This strategy allowed for a highly targeted attack, which significantly included at least one major defense contractor in Turkey among its victims. Such deliberate selections underline the group’s intent to focus on high-value targets rather than engaging in mass-scale attacks. Notably, exploitation of vulnerabilities increased by 34% in 2025, highlighting the urgent need for vigilance. The attack demonstrates how supply chain risks from third-party services can introduce critical vulnerabilities into even well-protected systems.
On June 10, 2025, in response to mounting concerns regarding CVE-2025-33053, Microsoft released a patch during its Patch Tuesday updates. The urgency of patching systems to address this vulnerability cannot be overstated, as unpatched systems remain at significant risk of exploitation. Additionally, the attack leveraged a web-based exploit that could affect users globally and underscores the need for immediate remedial action across all sectors.
The Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) has since included CVE-2025-33053 in its catalog of known exploited vulnerabilities, underscoring the gravity of the situation. This incident exemplifies the ongoing challenges organizations face in securing their digital infrastructures against evolving threats. The attack not only illustrates the misuse of vulnerabilities for espionage but similarly highlights the critical need for resilient cybersecurity measures, particularly within sensitive sectors such as defense.
